Women who change their menstrual periods are worried about perimenopausal syndrome

Perimenopausal syndrome, also known as menopausal syndrome (MpS), refers to a series of symptoms caused by fluctuations or decreases in sex hormones before and after menopause, mainly autonomic nervous system dysfunction, accompanied by neuropsychological symptoms.Menopause can be divided into two types: natural menopause and artificial menopause. Natural menopause refers to the exhaustion of follicles in the ovaries, or the loss of response to gonadotropins by the remaining follicles, and the follicles no longer develop and secrete estrogen to stimulate the growth of the endometrium, resulting in menopause. Artificial menopause refers to the surgical removal of both ovaries or the use of other methods to stop ovarian function, such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Removal of the uterus alone and preservation of one or both ovaries is not considered menopause. So, what are the main symptoms of perimenopausal syndrome?

The underlying cause of perimenopausal syndrome is ovarian failure due to physiological or pathological or surgical causes. Once ovarian function fails or is removed and destroyed, the ovaries produce less estrogen. There are more than 400 kinds of estrogen receptors in the female body, which are distributed in almost all tissues and organs of the female body, and are controlled and innervated by estrogen.

The most typical symptoms of perimenopausal syndrome are hot flashes and flushing. It mostly occurs at the age of 45~55 years, most women can have mild and severe symptoms, some people have begun to appear in the menopausal transition period, which lasts until 2~3 years after menopause, and a few people can last until 5~10 years after menopause The symptoms are reduced or disappeared. Perimenopausal syndrome often occurs 2 weeks after surgery, peaks 2 months after surgery, and can last up to 2 years.

1. Menstrual changes

Changes in the menstrual cycle are the earliest clinical symptoms of perimenopause and are divided into 3 types:

1. The menstrual cycle is prolonged, the menstrual flow is reduced, and finally menopause.

2. The menstrual cycle is irregular, the menstrual period is prolonged, the menstrual flow increases, and even heavy bleeding or bleeding continuously, and then gradually decreases and stops.

3. Sudden cessation of menstruation is rare. Because the ovaries are anovulated, estrogen levels fluctuate and endometrial cancer is predisposed. In patients with abnormal bleeding, diagnostic curettage should be performed to rule out malignant transformation.

2. Vasomotor symptoms

The clinical manifestations are hot flashes and sweating, which are manifestations of unstable vasomotor function and are the most prominent characteristic symptoms of perimenopausal syndrome. Hot flashes begin in the chest, swell to the head and neck, and then spread throughout the body, with a few women confined to the head, neck, and breasts. In the area of flushing, the patient feels burning, redness of the skin, followed by explosive sweating. It lasts from a few seconds to a few minutes, and the frequency of attacks is from several times a day to 30~50 times. It is easy to be precipitated at night or in a state of stress. This vascular instability can last up to 1 year, sometimes up to 5 years or longer.