Three-dimensional color ultrasound for diagnosing breast lumps is more informative
The incidence of breast cancer in women has shown a significant upward trend, and the incidence rate in some large cities such as Beijing has increased by 37% in the past ten years, ranking second among the incidence of female malignant tumors, and the age of onset has advanced by 10 years.
Early diagnosis and treatment of breast lumps are also particularly important.
Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging can provide a richer amount of information for diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Two-dimensional ultrasound for the diagnosis of breast masses is of diagnostic value for typical breast lump sonography, and has a certain display of the border, internal echo and blood flow of the mass. Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging retains all the information of two-dimensional ultrasound imaging, and at the same time provides a more intuitive spatial three-dimensional morphology, which can realistically show the spatial relationship between the capsule of the mass and the surrounding tissues such as skin, pectoral muscle, chest wall, etc., and the level of invasion. Cross-sections can be cut arbitrarily to understand the internal structure, and coronal sections that cannot be provided by 2D ultrasound provide more information. Therefore, it can provide a richer and more detailed basis for the diagnosis of breast masses and the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant tumors.
For breast cancer, two-dimensional ultrasound only showed irregular margins and uneven internal echoes, and sand-like calcifications were visible in some lumps, without obvious envelope. Three-dimensional ultrasound showed that the boundary of the mass was obviously irregular, cauliflower-shaped, uneven, and the surrounding tissues were infiltrated like crab feet. Papillary hemangioma and papillary vascular carcinoma are also examples of papillary hemangioma and papillary vascular carcinoma, both of which can show ductal dilation and intraductal hypoechoic areas, making it difficult to make a differential diagnosis.
Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging can clearly show whether the shape of the mass in the lumen of the catheter is cauliflower-shaped or regular short rod-shaped, and can clearly show the catheter infiltration, which is of great help in distinguishing benign and malignant.
Three-dimensional color vascular energy imaging technology is a three-dimensional reconstruction technology of blood vessels based on color Doppler energy map, which has the sensitive and accurate characteristics of color Doppler energy map, and the three-dimensional vascular energy image overcomes the shortcomings of color Doppler ultrasound limited by the blood flow angle, so that the blood flow information lost in the mass because of the direction of blood flow is displayed well, and the amount of blood flow, natural and stiffness and disorder in the blood vessels inside the mass are fully and intuitively displayed.Compared with two-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound, three-dimensional energy angiography can more sensitively display the condition of blood vessels, and can display the movement and distribution of blood vessels in three dimensions, so it can more truly reflect the angiogenesis in the tumor, which is more convincing for diagnosis and differential diagnosis.
Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging can make up for the shortcomings of two-dimensional ultrasound, provide intuitive, three-dimensional morphology and three-dimensional energy map mode characteristics of mass blood supply, and provide more accurate lesion locations. In particular, the information of small granular lesions in the dilated cavity of the breast duct and the infiltration information of the tube wall can better distinguish benign and malignant masses; There is another method for disease analysis, which provides a positioning diagnosis for clinicians to formulate surgical plans, and the clinical application of 3D ultrasound is promising.