Summary of commonly used drugs in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology

The commonly used drugs in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology include diclofenac sodium enteric-coated sustained-release capsules, indomethacin sustained-release tablets, methotrexate tablets, sulfasalazine colonic-coated capsules and methylprednisolone tablets.

1. Diclofenac sodium enteric-coated sustained-release capsule: Diclofenac sodium is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic drug derived from phenylacetic acid, and its mechanism of action is to inhibit cyclooxygenase activity, thereby blocking the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. At the same time, it can also promote the combination of arachidonic acid and triglycerides, reduce the concentration of free arachidonic acid in cells, and indirectly inhibit the synthesis of leukotrienes. It is suitable for acute and chronic rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.

2. Indomethacin sustained-release tablets: it has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic effects, and its mechanism of action is to reduce the synthesis of prostaglandins through the inhibition of cyclooxygenase. It inhibits the formation of pain nerve impulses in inflammatory tissues and inhibits inflammatory responses, including inhibiting the chemotaxis of leukocytes and the release of lysosomal enzymes. Suitable for rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.

3. Methotrexate tablets: As a folate reductase inhibitor, methotrexate tablets mainly inhibit dihydrofolate reductase and make dihydrofolate unable to be reduced to physiologically active tetrahydrofolate, so that the transfer of one-carbon groups in the biosynthesis process of purine nucleotides and pyrimidine nucleotides is blocked, resulting in inhibition of DNA biosynthesis.

4. Sulfasalazine colon-coated capsule: it has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, drink more water during the application of the drug, maintain a high urine flow, and prevent the occurrence of crystalluria. Suitable for rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthropathy, other rheumatism, etc.

5. Methylprednisolone tablets: glucocorticoids not only have an important impact on inflammatory and immune processes, but also affect carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism, and also have an effect on the cardiovascular system, bone marrow and muscular system and central nervous system. It is suitable for rheumatic diseases, allergic diseases, etc.

Adverse reactions such as skin papules, nausea and vomiting, dizziness and liver damage may occur after the application of rheumatology and immunology drugs. Therefore, it should be applied under the guidance of a doctor.