Prostate cancer is diagnosed in several stages

Compared with the diagnosis of many other diseases, the diagnosis cycle of prostate cancer is not so straightforward, and it is divided into biopsy, digital rectal examination, prostate-specific acid phosphatase determination, serum prostate-specific antigen determination and other components.

1. Biopsy: Biopsy is the gold standard for prostate cancer diagnosis. Biopsy is the most reliable test for diagnosing prostate cancer when only local induration occurs before local spread and distant metastases occur.

2. Digital rectal examination: It is a very important basis for early diagnosis of prostate cancer, which can be manifested as the prostate capsule is not smooth, the texture is hard as a stone, and it is adherent to the surrounding tissues. Involvement of seminal vesicles is highly suspicious, and the mass varies in size and should be differentiated from prostate stones.

3. Prostate-specific acid phosphatase determination: this examination should be carried out 24 hours after digital rectal examination and urethral examination, about 80% of prostate cancer patients with distant metastases will have increased acid phosphatase, and 20% of patients without distant metastases will have increased acid phosphatase. Therefore, the acid phosphatase in the serum is significantly increased, indicating the possibility of prostate cancer. This is one of the methods for diagnosing prostate cancer.

4. Serum prostate-specific antigen determination: Clinically, this examination is mostly performed after 1 week of digital rectal examination, urethral examination or catheterization to avoid false positives. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a tumor marker of prostate cancer that is more sensitive than acid phosphatase, and is of great significance for the diagnosis, clinical staging, efficacy observation, prognosis judgment and recurrence monitoring of prostate cancer.

5. X-ray examination: including chest X-ray, pelvis, lumbar spine X-ray and other examinations, which is an important screening method for early diagnosis of tumor metastasis, and sometimes seminal vesicle vasectomystery.

6. Ultrasound examination: During the ultrasound examination, the prostate shape changes and displacement, the capsular reflex is discontinuous and unsmooth, and the light cluster and dark area appear inside the gland. Because this test is simple and relatively economical, it can be used as one of the tests for primary screening.

7. CT and magnetic resonance examination: CT examination image is clear, high resolution, safe and painless, and can understand the growth and metastasis of the tumor in detail, which is a very diagnostic examination.

Many things need to be gradual, too eager to know the result will only make your mind more disordered, according to the diagnosis process, in terms of cycle, it does not take too long to complete the diagnosis, after confirming the source of the disease, you can start treatment quickly, the symptom is not a trivial matter, early treatment is easy.