How to solve gout? Precautions for the life of gout patients

Gout is mainly due to problems with the body's metabolism, causing the excretion of uric acid in the body to become a problem or a problem with purines and other joint pain, generally speaking, when gout is severe, it will also cause acute changes in the place of pain, etc., so gout patients need to be vigilant to avoid deterioration of the condition, so, how to solve gout?Precautions for the life of gout patients.

1. Pay attention to the life of gout patients

Gout is defined as a disorder in the metabolism of a substance called purines in the body, which increases the synthesis of uric acid (an oxidative metabolite of purines) or decreases its excretion. The following are the risk factors for patients with aggravated gout, and you must not touch them again!

○ Offal and fish

Regardless of whether gouty arthritis is acute or chronic, it is necessary to pay attention to the long-term control of foods with high purine content, such as animal offal, sardines, anchovies, mackerel, shrimp, etc. These are all foods that people with gout can't eat, so be careful.

○ Seasoning

Gout patients know that they should eat less seafood, but many people do not know that oyster sauce, abalone sauce, hoisin sauce, shiitake mushroom sauce, concentrated chicken sauce and other food seasonings are also high in purines.

These condiments are often some animals, seafood and other products after refining, concentrated processing, its purine content is very high, after eating these condiments to cook food, can quickly increase the level of uric acid in the body in a short period of time. A rapid rise in blood uric acid can lead to gout attacks.

○High fructose food

In addition to various purine-containing foods, the "enemies" of gout patients also contain "fructose".

Patients with gout should eat less fruits with higher sweetness, especially fruits with high fructose content.Because the level of fructose in the blood rises, it causes the blood uric acid and uric acid levels in the urine to increase rapidly. In addition, some drinks have "fructose syrup" added to them. Therefore, gout patients should pay attention to the ingredient list before eating and eat less foods containing fructose.

○ Coffee and strong tea aggravate gout

Strong tea, coffee and other beverages themselves do not increase the content of purines, but they have the effect of stimulating autonomic nerves, aggravating gout, and may also induce acute attacks of gout, and gout patients should try to avoid drinking them.

○Wine

The effects of alcohol on gout are manifold, and alcohol promotes the absorption of purines, even if they are not present in red wine and white wine, and can be eaten with other purine-containing meats to increase ventilation. In addition, alcohol can increase uric acid excretion, increasing the risk of gout or high uric acid.

○Seed foods

Many people will think that since meat dishes are high in purines, it is always a good choice to choose a vegetarian diet, but you should also be cautious when choosing vegetables. The purine content of cauliflower, spinach, fungi and plant seeds, dried fruits should not be underestimated, and the intake should still be controlled.

○Coarse grains

In addition to the common seafood, animal offal, and broth, the staple food should not be coarse grains, such as corn, buckwheat, whole wheat chips, etc.Because the purine content of these grains is relatively high, too much ingestion can cause an increase in blood uric acid.

○ Tomatoes

Traditional Chinese medicine experts remind that people with gout should eat less tomatoes, otherwise the condition will worsen. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the cause of gout is mostly caused by cold and dampness, so gout patients should pay attention to eating more warm foods that can reduce and eliminate cold, while tomatoes are cold foods, and it is better to eat less.

4 major hazards of gout

Gout often occurs suddenly, after the onset of the joint redness, swelling, heat, pain, the pain is severe, more obvious at night, 24 hours can reach the peak, if the treatment is timely, it can be relieved in about 2 to 3 days. If left untreated, it can cause harm to the body, and in severe cases, it can be life-threatening:

First, kidney damage. In severe cases, renal failure developsuremiaFatal, which accounts for about 20%-30% of gout deaths.

Second, urinary tract infections. Gout nephrolithiasis or hydronephrosis and bladder stones are also easy to cause intractable urinary tract infections, and if not thoroughly treated, they can cause pyomena or necrotizing nephrogenic papillitis, sepsis and death.

Third, skin infections. Failure to take timely treatment measures after the skin tophi is broken, and the lack of attention to cleanliness and hygiene results in a serious bacterial infection that spreads into the bloodstreamBacteraemiaand sepsis.

Fourth, complications. Some diseases complicated by gout, such as hypertension, arteriosclerosis, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular accident, myocardial infarction, heart failure, fatal heart rhythm disorders, and some acute and chronic complications caused by diabetes, are important causes of death in gout patients.

4 tips to prevent gout

First, eat less animal offal, fish and foods high in purines

Gout is a disease caused by metabolic dysfunction, which is common because of not paying attention to healthy diet, liking to drink a lot of alcohol and craving for fatty and sweet flavors, and eating uncontrolled diet, resulting in an increase in incidence year by year or recurrence. Therefore, in order to reduce gout attacks, prevention should be the starting point, and the daily diet should be adjusted.

○Care should be taken to adjust the diet to prevent obesity. Because obesity is mostly caused by metabolic disorders caused by unreasonable diet. To control your weight, you should focus on controlling your diet and exercising. Once uric acid is high, it is necessary to abstain from alcohol, not to drink too much, especially to avoid beer. In particular, beer and seafood cannot be eaten together, and if they are eaten together for a long time, it often causes a decrease in purine excretion and causes gout. Do not eat high-purine foods. Such as animal offal, pig, beef, mutton, ham, sausage, chicken, duck, goose, rabbit, fish and shrimp, spinach, beans, peanuts, mushrooms, cauliflower, spinach and fermented foods.

○ It is necessary to pay attention to the control of diet, and it is advisable to eat more alkaline foods with low purines at ordinary times, and eat more flour foods, porridge with alkali and all root vegetables to promote uric acid excretion.For example, milk and dairy products, eggs, corn, potatoes, radish, onions, celery, cucumbers and other vegetables and fruits are basically edible.

Purines are actually the building blocks of nucleic acid molecules (genetic material), which is generally found in the nucleus. Milk is a bodily fluid secreted by the mammary gland cells of cows, and there is no nucleus in it, so there are no purines. Eggs contain almost no purines, because theoretically they are just one cell (two cells in the case of fertilized eggs) and a nucleus. When people with gout eat little seafood, offal, meat, and soy products, they can meet their need for high-quality protein by increasing their intake of eggs and milk, such as drinking 400 grams of milk and eating 1-2 eggs per day.

○ Eat a light, low-fat, low-sugar diet, and drink plenty of water. You can drink more than 3000 ml a day to keep the urine output above 2000 ml for 24 hours to promote uric acid excretion.

Second, prevent exposure to the cold and overwork

Overexertion of cold can cause autonomic dysregulation, resulting in constriction of blood vessels on the surface and internal organs of the body, and vasoconstriction reduces uric acid excretion.

Third, prevent hyperlipidemia

Hyperlipidemia can not only cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, but also cause metabolic disorders, affect uric acid excretion and cause gout.The main way is to control your diet and eat low-fat, light and easy-to-digest foods.

When it comes to gout, people must associate it with high blood uric acid in the body. If uric acid crystals caused by hyperuricemia are deposited in the joints and kidneys, it can cause arthritis, tophi, and gouty nephropathy. Data show that more than half of gout patients are overweight, and about three-quarters of people have hypertension or hyperlipidemia. In addition, studies have confirmed that the larger the body surface area of the human body, the higher the level of serum uric acid in the body. Therefore, in addition to controlling the daily diet, it is equally important for gout patients to strictly reduce weight, control blood pressure and blood lipids.

Fourth, exercise should be appropriate and prevent strenuous exercise

The lactic acid produced by strenuous exercise can inhibit the excretion of uric acid by the renal tubules and increase the uric acid in the blood, and the blood volume decreases due to increased sweating, and the amount of uric acid excreted by the kidneys decreases, resulting in gout. Strenuous exercise may also increase the risk of joint swelling and damage, which is not conducive to preventing gout attacks.

It is also important to remind patients who have already suffered from gout that they should also pay attention to diet control. This is because dietary control of gout can reduce serum uric acid levels and increase uric acid excretion. Tan Rongshao, director of the nutrition department of Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, believes that gout is high uric acid, and it is indeed necessary to reduce foods with high purine content in the daily diet.So how to effectively control the diet of gout patients?

The diet of patients with gout needs to control the amount of purines according to the course of the disease, depending on whether they are in the acute attack or remission period.

If in the acute stage of gout: the purine in the diet is strictly limited to less than 150 mg, you can choose foods with low purines to milk, eggs (especially egg whites), cereals as the main source of protein, the staple food is refined white rice noodles, you can eat potatoes, pumpkin and other carbohydrate-rich foods in moderation to meet the needs of calories, prohibit foods with high purines, and eat less or no coarse grains and miscellaneous legumes. The liquid intake is not less than 3000 ml per day.

If you are in remission of gout: use a limited amount of foods containing moderate amounts of purines, and you can freely choose foods with low purine content. If you cook meat, boil the meat in the soup and then discard the soup to reduce the purine intake.

2. The main causes of gout

Long-term increase in uric acid in the blood is a key cause of gout. Human uric acid mainly comes from two aspects:

(1) Nucleic acids and other purine compounds produced by protein catabolism in human cells are generated by the action of some enzymes to produce endogenous uric acid.

(2) The purine compounds, nucleic acids and nuclear proteins contained in food are digested and absorbed, and exogenous uric acid is formed by the action of some enzymes.

The production of uric acid is a complex process that requires the involvement of some enzymes. These enzymes can be broadly divided into two categories: enzymes that promote uric acid synthesis, mainly 5-phosphonucleic acid-1-pyrophosphate synthase, adenine phosphonucleotidyl transferase, phosphoribose pyrophosphate amide transferase, and xanthine oxidase; Enzymes that inhibit uric acid synthesis, mainly hypoxanthine-guanine nucleoside transferases. Gout is caused by various factors that cause the abnormal activity of these enzymes, such as promoting the increased activity of uric acid synthase and inhibiting the activity of uric acid synthase, resulting in excessive uric acid production. Or due to various factors, the kidneys have a disorder of uric acid excretion, which causes uric acid to accumulate in the blood, resulting in hyperuricemia.

If hyperuricemia persists for a long time, uric acid will be deposited in the form of urate in the joints, subcutaneous tissues and kidneys, causing a series of clinical manifestations such as arthritis, subcutaneous gouty stones, kidney stones or gouty nephropathy.The disease is a recurrent acute or chronic arthritis of the peripheral joints, caused by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in and around the joints, tendons, and body fluids of hypersaturated hyperuricemia. The ratio of male to female gout patients is 20 to 1, and the main reason for the low incidence of gout in women is that estrogen in women can promote the excretion of uric acid and inhibit the onset of arthritis. If it is a hereditary gout patient, most of them have essential hypertension due to metabolic insufficiency.